The Chicago suburb of Oak Park was home to famous architect Frank Lloyd Wright, who had designed The Robie House located near the University of Chicago. [32][33] Since the legalization of same-sex marriage in the State of Illinois in 2013, over 10,000 same-sex couples have wed in Cook County alone.[34]. Non-Christian groups include Irreligious (22%), Judaism (3%), Islam (2%), Buddhism (1%) and Hinduism (1%). [351], Electricity for most of northern Illinois is provided by Commonwealth Edison, also known as ComEd. Segments that link to the city center are named after influential politicians, with three of them named after former U.S.Presidents (Eisenhower, Kennedy, and Reagan) and one named after two-time Democratic candidate Adlai Stevenson. cities. Chicago city, Illinois. Tourists are able to look straight down. Nearly a quarter of New Yorkers are religiously unaffiliated (24%), but the city also is home to relatively high numbers of members of non-Christian faiths. [citation needed] Since the 2020 COVID-19 pandemic, four large companies left the Chicago area, Boeing left to focus on its defense contracts, Caterpillar, and Tyson Foods left to consolidate operations, and Citadel LLC cited crime-related factors. [citation needed] The record label later signed many prominent industrial acts, with the most notable being: My Life with the Thrill Kill Kult, KMFDM, Front Line Assembly and Front 242. an Irishman." 2 city", "COMPARATIVE DEMOGRAPHIC ESTIMATES 2019 American Community Survey 1-Year Estimates Chicago", "Census: Hispanics surpass blacks as Chicago's 2nd-largest racial group", CBS News: "Hispanic Population Surges In Chicago, New Census Data Shows" By Jeremy Ross, "Illinois Race and Hispanic Origin for Selected Cities and Other Places: Earliest Census to 1990", "2020: DEC Redistricting Data (PL 94-171)", "Healthy Chicago databook: Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual & Transgender Health", "San Francisco Metro Area Ranks Highest in LGBT Percentage", "The Metro Areas With the Largest, and Smallest, Gay Populations", "Same-sex marriage licenses could hit 10,000 in Cook County this summer", "10,000th same-sex couple issued marriage license in Cook County", "Selected Economic Characteristics: 20082012 American Community Survey 5-Year Estimates: Chicago city, Illinois", "These are the cities with the most ultra-rich people", "Community Facts: First Ancestry Reported, Chicago city, Illinois", Major U.S. metropolitan areas differ in their religious profiles, "Table 6 Fifteen Largest PC(USA) Congregations Based on Membership Size, 2014", "2020 Metropolitan Chicago Jewish Population Study", "Gross Domestic Product by Metropolitan Area, 2016", "Moody's: Chicago's Economy Most Balanced in US (January 23, 2003)", London named world's top business center by MasterCard, "Washington area richest, most educated in US: report", "World's richest cities by purchasing power", "The ten largest US central business districts | Modern Cities", "JPMorgan History | The History of Our Firm", "Chicago Area Employment February 2018", "Chicago Named Nation's Top Metro Area for Corporate Relocation For the Sixth Straight Year", "Chicago's Fortune 500 headquarters are shrinking", "Why You Should Start a Company in Chicago", "Ken Griffin's Citadel ditches Chicago for Miami following crime complaints", "Ken Griffin's Citadel Move Is 'Punch in the Gut' for Chicago", "Big Companies Keep Leaving Chicago: What's Going On? [287] In 2013, the violent crime rate was 910 per 100,000 people;[289] the murder rate was 10.4 while high crime districts saw 38.9, low crime districts saw 2.5 murders per 100,000. It is home to a population of around 5.54 million individuals. By 2006, the cartel sought to control most illicit drug sales. The city responded by tunneling two miles (3.2km) out into Lake Michigan to newly built water cribs. The two parks themselves are connected by a wide strip of parkland called the Midway Plaisance, running adjacent to the University of Chicago. Chicago is a city music of festivals, celebrating every music genre. [144], Like other major cities, Chicago experiences an urban heat island, making the city and its suburbs milder than surrounding rural areas, especially at night and in winter. The city and its surrounding metropolitan area contain the third-largest labor pool in the United States with about 4.63million workers. The beauty of Chicago lies not only in its magnificent architecture, but also in the city's vast preserved green and open spaces. [88] In 1979, Jane Byrne, the city's first female mayor, was elected. Of the city population, 26.2% were under the age of 18, 11.2% were from 18 to 24, 33.4% were from 25 to 44, 18.9% from 45 to 64, and 10.3% 65 years of age or older. [97], Chicago is located in northeastern Illinois on the southwestern shores of freshwater Lake Michigan. An informal name for the entire Chicago metropolitan area is "Chicagoland", which generally means the city and all its suburbs. Households with a computer, percent, 2017-2021. In this particular case, the fact that the workers' agreements had expiration dates let the city of Chicago set an expiration date of 2013 for contribution to health benefits for workers who retired after 1989. [11] Chicago made noted contributions to urban planning and zoning standards, including new construction styles (such as Chicago School architecture, the development of the City Beautiful Movement, and the steel-framed skyscraper). [citation needed], When Chicago was incorporated in 1837, it chose the motto Urbs in Horto, a Latin phrase which means "City in a Garden". ), Nondenominational Pentecostal (Evangelical Trad. Expand. Germans, Irish, Poles, Swedes, and Czechs made up nearly two-thirds of the foreign-born population (by 1900, whites were 98.1% of the city's population). [36], As the site of the Chicago Portage,[37] the city became an important transportation hub between the eastern and western United States. Chicago has one of the largest LGBTQ+ populations in the United States. Polish people have been prevalent from the city's early history, but the largest waves of immigration were in the late 19th and early 20th centuries; they have been influential in the economic and social development of Chicago. frequency of meditation by metro area, Learn More: frequency of meditation, At least once a week, Seldom/never, % of adults in the Chicago metro area who feel a sense of spiritual peace and wellbeing, Compare: ), Other Methodist (Historically Black Protestant Trad. [220] Also performing regularly at Symphony Center is the Chicago Sinfonietta, a more diverse and multicultural counterpart to the CSO. [107], Major sections of the city include the central business district, called The Loop, and the North, South, and West Sides. [106] The Chicagoland Chamber of Commerce defines it as all of Cook and DuPage, Kane, Lake, McHenry, and Will counties. Chicago (/ k o / shih-KAH-goh, locally also / k o / shih-KAW-goh; Miami-Illinois: Shikaakwa; Ojibwe: Zhigaagong) is the most populous city in the U.S. state of Illinois and the third most populous in the United States after New York City and Los Angeles.With a population of 2,746,388 in the 2020 census, it is also the most populous city in the Midwest. Chicago has several other contemporary and jazz dance troupes, such as the Hubbard Street Dance Chicago and Chicago Dance Crash. [311], Chicago high school rankings are determined by the average test scores on state achievement tests. Welcome to Chicago, the third largest city in the United States, with a population of nearlythree million people. As the seat of Cook County (the second-most populous U.S. county), the city is the center of the Chicago metropolitan area, one of the largest in the world. [30], The city saw an increase of 20,606 people from July 1, 2007 to July 1, 2008, according to census data. [140] They can reach nearly 80F (27C), such as during the July 2019 heat wave. The Chicago Bulls of the National Basketball Association (NBA) is one of the most recognized basketball teams in the world. What the data says about gun deaths in the U.S. These include the Chicago Picasso, We Will by Richard Hunt, Mir's Chicago, Flamingo and Flying Dragon by Alexander Calder, Agora by Magdalena Abakanowicz, Monument with Standing Beast by Jean Dubuffet, Batcolumn by Claes Oldenburg, Cloud Gate by Anish Kapoor, Crown Fountain by Jaume Plensa, and the Four Seasons mosaic by Marc Chagall. [224], In 2014[update], Chicago attracted 50.17million domestic leisure travelers, 11.09million domestic business travelers and 1.308million overseas visitors. [63], The city established many large, well-landscaped municipal parks, which also included public sanitation facilities. [279] During much of that time, the city administration found opposition mainly from a liberal "independent" faction of the Democratic Party. attendance at prayer groups by metro area, Learn More: frequency of participation in prayer, scripture study or religious education groups, At least once a week, Seldom/never, % of adults in the Chicago metro area who meditate, Compare: [98][99], Chicago's history and economy are closely tied to its proximity to Lake Michigan. During the 1880s and 1890s, Chicago had a powerful radical tradition with large and highly organized socialist, anarchist and labor organizations. Chicago (/ko/ (listen) shih-KAH-goh, locally also /ko/ shih-KAW-goh;[6] Miami-Illinois: Shikaakwa; Ojibwe: Zhigaagong) is the most populous city in the U.S. state of Illinois and the third most populous in the United States after New York City and Los Angeles. There are 31 sand beaches, a plethora of museums, two world-class conservatories, and 50 nature areas. [citation needed], In 2005, indie rock artist Sufjan Stevens created a concept album about Illinois titled Illinois; many of its songs were about Chicago and its history. Official records for Chicago were kept at various locations in downtown from January 1871 to 31 December 1925, University of Chicago from 1 January 1926 to 30 June 1942, Midway Airport from 1 July 1942 to 16 January 1980, and at O'Hare Airport since 17 January 1980. View the 2010 U.S. The current mayor is Lori Lightfoot. [282] Chicago had a murder rate of 18.5 per 100,000 residents in 2012, ranking 16th among US cities with 100,000 people or more. [citation needed] Lane is one of the oldest schools in Chicago and in 2012 was designated a National Blue Ribbon School by the U.S. Department of Education. ), Evangelical Lutheran Church in America (ELCA), Other Episcopalian/Anglican (Mainline Trad. Future expansion will extend the Riverwalk south an additional 1.8 miles from Lake Street to Ping Tom Memorial Park in Chinatown. Ford Motor Company has an automobile assembly plant on the South Side in Hegewisch, and most of the facilities of the Port of Chicago are also on the South Side. Taiwanese and Hong Kong immigrants settled in Chicago in the 1950s and 1960s. [90] Washington was succeeded by 6th ward Alderman Eugene Sawyer, who was elected by the Chicago City Council and served until a special election. With a population of 2,746,388 in the 2020 census,[7] it is also the most populous city in the Midwest. The services terminate in the San Francisco area, Washington, D.C., New York City, New Orleans, Portland, Seattle, Milwaukee, Quincy, St.Louis, Carbondale, Boston, Grand Rapids, Port Huron, Pontiac, Los Angeles, and San Antonio. [300] In 2013, the city's murder rate was only slightly higher than the national average as a whole. The magazine discovered such poets as Gwendolyn Brooks, James Merrill, and John Ashbery. [109] The North Side is the most-densely-populated residential section of the city, and many high-rises are located on this side of the city along the lakefront. Computer and Internet Use. ", "Chicago, IL - Detailed climate information and monthly weather forecast", "History of the Chicago and Rockford Weather Observation Sites", "Chicago/O'Hare, IL Climate Normals 1961-1990", "Chicago, Illinois, USA Monthly weather forecast and Climate data", "Chicago Growth 18501990: Maps by Dennis McClendon", "It's official: Los Angeles ousts Chicago as No. The city is the home to a large Romanian American community with more than 100,000.[13]. Chicago is the birthplace of gospel, electric blues, house, juke, footwork, and drill. It is a subsidiary of The Pew Charitable Trusts. Chicago's theater community spawned modern improvisational theater, and includes the prominent groups The Second City and I.O. [244] Annual festivals feature various Chicago signature dishes, such as Taste of Chicago and the Chicago Food Truck Festival. [242] The tradition of serving the Greek dish saganaki while aflame has its origins in Chicago's Greek community. [citation needed], Two major daily newspapers are published in Chicago: the Chicago Tribune and the Chicago Sun-Times, with the Tribune having the larger circulation. The University of Chicago Oriental Institute has an extensive collection of ancient Egyptian and Near Eastern archaeological artifacts. Some can be seen from the Kennedy Expressway, other roadways, and public transportation routes, as well as from the neighborhood streets. The racial and ethnic makeup of this state is as follows: White (81.3%), Hispanic (20.7%), African American (4%), Asian American (2.8%), and Native American (1.1%). [243] The appetizer, which consists of a square of fried cheese, is doused with Metaxa and flambed table-side. [citation needed] Lured by a combination of large business customers, federal research dollars, and a large hiring pool fed by the area's universities, Chicago is also the site of a growing number of web startup companies like CareerBuilder, Orbitz, Basecamp, Groupon, Feedburner, Grubhub and NowSecure. These institutions consistently rank among the top "National Universities" in the United States, as determined by U.S. News & World Report. [110] The South Side is the largest section of the city, encompassing roughly 60% of the city's land area. [101] The overall grade of the city's central, built-up areas is relatively consistent with the natural flatness of its overall natural geography, generally exhibiting only slight differentiation otherwise. The city has a large population of Bulgarians, Lithuanians,[23] Croats, Jews, Greeks and Serbs. views about human evolution by metro area, Learn More: views about human evolution, Evolved; due to natural processes, Evolved; due to God's design, Always existed in present form, 1615 L St. NW, Suite 800Washington, DC 20036USA The city's ethnic diversity made communication, much less evangelization, difficult for native-born Protestant ministers. [194] Illinois is home to 66 Fortune 1000 companies, including those in Chicago. Chicago is the center of the Palestinian and Jordanian immigrant communities in the United States,[28][29] and additionally has a large Assyrian population. There are eleven selective enrollment high schools in the Chicago Public Schools,[307] designed to meet the needs of Chicago's most academically advanced students. This series gives a picture of county-level religious affiliation nationwide. [16] Moreover, the construction of the Illinois and Michigan Canal, which helped move goods from the Great Lakes south on the Mississippi River, and of the railroads in the 19th century made the city a major transportation center in the United States. About Pew Research Center Pew Research Center is a nonpartisan fact tank that informs the public about the issues, attitudes and trends shaping the world. In the 1840s, Chicago became a major grain port, and in the 1850s and 1860s Chicago's pork and beef industry expanded. The 2000 United States Census had shown the population density of the city itself was 12,750.3 people per square mile (4,923.0/km2), making it one of the nation's most densely populated cities. A number of statues also honor recent local heroes such as Michael Jordan (by Amrany and Rotblatt-Amrany), Stan Mikita, and Bobby Hull outside of the United Center; Harry Caray (by Amrany and Cella) outside Wrigley field, Jack Brickhouse (by McKenna) next to the WGN studios,[citation needed] and Irv Kupcinet at the Wabash Avenue Bridge. [citation needed], Machine politics persisted in Chicago after the decline of similar machines in other large U.S. There is a substantial Cuban population in Chicago. Ten years later, he became the secretary and then the president of the first Illinois State Board of Health, which carried out most of its activities in Chicago.[64]. Students at the University of Chicago identify with various faith practices or do not actively identify with any faith practices at all. But all three will vote for a turkey. The Chicago Police Department provides law enforcement and the Chicago Fire Department provides fire suppression and emergency medical services for the city and its residents. Chicago has a sizeable Romanian American community,[13] As of 2018[update], the Lithuanian population is over 100,000 and was formerly over 300,000; the world's oldest continuously published Lithuanian-language newspaper Draugus is based in Chicago. Winters are relatively cold and snowy. [252] In the 1980s, a modern form of poetry performance began in Chicago, the poetry slam. The top five races for people living in Chicago are: White (44%), Black (32%), Asian (5%), Hispanic or Latino (28%), Two or more races (2%). [25] According to his diary of late September 1687: when we arrived at the said place called "Chicagou" which, according to what we were able to learn of it, has taken this name because of the quantity of garlic which grows in the forests in this region. Today the Chicago metropolitan area is the headquarters of several retailers, including Walgreens, Sears, Ace Hardware, Claire's, ULTA Beauty and Crate & Barrel. She was notable for temporarily moving into the crime-ridden Cabrini-Green housing project and for leading Chicago's school system out of a financial crisis.[89]. About 18.3% of families and 22.1% of the population lived below the poverty line. [9] One of the most distinct of these German groups were the Volga Germans, or ethnic Germans having lived along the Volga River in Russia. 1935: Chicago Cubs secure a record as the third-longest unbeaten MLB game streak with 21 consecutive wins. Persons per household, 2017-2021. Chicago has one of the largest concentrations of Italian Americans in the US, with more than 500,000 living in the metropolitan area. The ethnic makeup of the population is 28% Hispanic and 72% belong to non Hispanic background. ), Independent Baptist (Historically Black Protestant Trad. [115], In 2016, Chicago was ranked the sixth-most walkable large city in the United States. The label first found success with Ministry, with the release of the cold life single, which entered the US Dance charts in 1982. It conducts public opinion polling, demographic research, media content analysis and other empirical social science research. and Chicago Med. Religion Census. Be mindful of course content that may privilege certain religious perspectives. Over a third of the city population is concentrated in the lakefront neighborhoods from Rogers Park in the north to South Shore in the south. Dutch Wheels, a world renowned company that manufactures ferris wheels, was selected to design the new wheel. Diocesan Priests, Deacons, Women and Men Religious, and Lay Personnel in the Archdiocese Diocesan Priests (including active and retired): 683 Religious Priests: 432 Religious Brothers: 149 Women Religious: 1,068 Deacons: 652 (includes active, active outside the diocese, seniors, and retired) Certified Pastoral Associates: 43 [62], During the 1870s and 1880s, Chicago attained national stature as the leader in the movement to improve public health.