list of dictatorship countries

If this institution can be effectively controlled by the dictator, it can become avaluable instruments of control over the population. [1] Repression can encompass actual or threatened physical violence such as arrests, assassinations, torture, beatings, disappearances, mass killings, and forced exile. [145] Opposition parties in dictatorships may be restricted by preventing them from campaigning, banning more popular opposition parties, preventing opposition members from forming a party, or requiring that candidates be a member of the ruling party. Freedom House, the Polity data series, and the Democracy-Dictatorship Index are three of the most used data series by political scientists. China's constitution calls its government a "people's democratic dictatorship." The theories about society, capital and labor got turned into a dictatorship, genocide, and poverty. Democracy-Dictatorship (DD), index of democracy and dictatorship or simply the DD index or the DD datasets was the binary measure of democracy and dictatorship first proposed by Adam Przeworski et al. Some of the most famous dictators in history include Adolf Hitler, Joseph Stalin, and Saddam Hussein. In their book "Dictators and Dictatorships: Understanding Authoritarian Regimes and Their Leaders", authors Natasha M. Ezrow and Erica Frantz lay out five types of dictatorships: Power is obtained and maintained through military might. The dictator is the absolute ruler. While autocratic countries are not always malevolent, they often still encounter resistance from citizens who would prefer to have a greater say in the government's policy-making process. [32], One-party dictatorships became prominent in Asia and Eastern Europe during the Cold War as communist governments were installed in several countries. For dictatorships, monarchic, military and civilian dictatorship. [126] Four strategies of political control commonly employed by dictatorships are repression, indoctrination, coercive distribution, and infiltration. [11][12] He describes totalitarian regimes as exercising control over politics and political mobilization rather than merely suppressing it. (2010), Cheibub, Gandhi, and Vreeland developed a six-fold regime classification scheme, resulting what the authors called as the DD datasets. #SOSCuba. [87] Populist movements were strengthened following the economic turmoil of the Great Depression, producing populist dictatorships in several Latin American countries. When the war ended, these countries were incorporated into the Soviet sphere of influence, and the Soviet Union exercised control over their governments. The rights of the people are typically suppressed in a dictatorship, sometimes to a great degree. North Korea - One man Dictatorship 2. If the head of state serves for life or is not popularly elected or a fixed term, then the democracy is parliamentary.[1]. Its purpose is to collect information, mobilize society, and induce compliance with the dictatorships directives. If the head of state is popularly elected for a fixed term then, the democracy is mixed or semi-presidential. [33] A ruling party in a one-party dictatorship may rule under any ideology or it may have no guiding ideology. Functioning of government: 3.57. Adolf Hitler: 14 most cruel dictators Benito Mussolini: 14 most cruel dictators Vladimir Lenin (1870-1924): 14 most cruel dictators Joseph Stalin: 14 most cruel dictators Mao Zedong or Mao or Mao Tse Tung: 14 most cruel dictators Muammar Gaddafi: 14 most cruel dictators Idi Amin (1920-2003): 14 most cruel dictators If you think that today's world is all about democracy, human rights, and freedoms, you live in a total illusion and you should definitely read our list of 15 countries with dictatorships today. Infamous dictators of the world are often thought of as tyrants - leaders who rule with iron fists, cruelty, unflinching authority, and a lack of opposition. In the latter half of the 20th century, Latin America witnessed a rise in authoritarian regimes across the expanse of the regionoften with multiple dictators following different political . This is thanks to an oil boom that enriched his family at the expense of the Equatorial Guinea citizens. Rodrigo Duterte (Philippines) Rodrigo Roa Duterte is the legally, directly-elected President of the Philippines and leading member of the PDP-Laban party. [135] Negotiated removals are more likely to end in democracy, while removals by force are more likely to result in a new dictatorial regime. [80] Italian dictator Benito Mussolini seized power in 1922, and began implementing reforms in 1925 to create the first fascist dictatorship. 1 Norway 2 Iceland 3 Sweden 4 New Zealand 5 Denmark =6 Canada =6 Ireland 8 Australia =9 Switzerland =9 Finland " Binary measure of democracy and dictatorship, Six-fold regime classification scheme and its rules, Comparison with other democracy-measuring data sets, Studies in Comparative International Development, "Minimalist Conception of Democracy: A Defense", Przeworski, Alvarez, Cheibub, and Limongi: Democracy and development, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Democracy-Dictatorship_Index&oldid=1141715357, All articles with specifically marked weasel-worded phrases, Articles with specifically marked weasel-worded phrases from February 2023, Wikipedia articles needing clarification from January 2023, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License 3.0. As of early 2022, the countries of Afghanistan, Eritrea, North Korea, and Turkmenistan are the only nations in the world whose governments are generally considered to be totalitarian dictatorships. [93] Chiang Kai-shek continued to rule as dictator of the National government's rump state in Taiwan until his death in 1975. 2. The military takes control of the country (usually through a direct coup), installs the dictator of its choosing (typically the highest-ranking military officer), and uses force of arms to preserve its power. Indeed, the 20th century, which witnessed the careers of Atatrk, Benito Mussolini, Adolf Hitler, Joseph Stalin, Francisco Franco, Mao Tse-tung, Juan Pern, Tito, Gamal Abdel Nasser, Sukarno, Kwame Nkrumah, and Charles de Gaulle, could appear in history as the age of plebiscitary dictatorship. They are often characterized by their use of violence and repression to maintain power. Dictatorships suffer from an obvious and significant imbalance of power. [98] Several Middle Eastern countries were the subject of military coups in the 1950s and 1960s, including Iraq, Syria, North Yemen, and South Yemen. The economic focus of a dictatorship often depends on the strength of the opposition, as a weaker opposition allows a dictator to extract additional wealth from the economy through corruption.[125]. Africa has several long-standing dictators despite the fact that the continent as a whole is quite volatile politically. That said, there are two important differences between dictatorships and autocracies. Uganda. [31], Personalist dictatorships are regimes in which all power lies in the hands of a single individual. African Dictators The first distinction made is whether a country has a government has legislative responsibility, i.e. [8]:465 Some countries, such as Greece and Bulgaria, stipulate who the head of state chooses as head of government. Power is enforced through a steadfast collaboration between the government and a highly developed ideology. Venezuela has a presidential government. Stability can be weakened when opposition groups grow and unify or when elites are not loyal to the regime. [9] Political philosopher Hannah Arendt describes totalitarianism as a new and extreme form of dictatorship composed of "atomized, isolated individuals" in which ideology plays a leading role in defining how the entire society should be organized. [132] Foreign intervention takes place when another country seeks to topple a regime by invading the country or supporting the opposition. He was also ranked 19th in Parade Magazine's Top 20 list of "The World's Worst Dictators". The 20th century also saw the rise of personalist dictatorships in Africa and military dictatorships in Latin America, both of which became prominent in the 1960s and 1970s. They are in civil war, but the dictator is. [75] Lenin was followed by Joseph Stalin in 1924, who consolidated total power and implemented totalitarian rule by 1929. [1][8]:454 It is important to note that these names do not have to correspond to the official or colloquial titles of any of the countries offices. The leader of a dictatorship is called a dictator. They are not even defined terms of art within political science. The country is bordered in the northeast by Tunisia, in the east by Libya, in the west by Morocco, in the southwest by Western Sahara, Mauritania, and Mali, in the southeast by Niger, and in the north by the Mediterranean Sea. The 20th century saw the rise of fascist and communist dictatorships in Europe; fascism was eradicated in the aftermath of World War II in 1945, while communism spread to other continents, maintaining prominence until the end of the Cold War in 1991. Below are 10 African country that are still under dictatorship. Between the 1990s and the 2000s, most dictators moved away from being "larger-than-life figures" that controlled the populace through terror and isolated themselves from the global community. [103] Belarus under the rule of Alexander Lukashenko has been described as "the last European dictatorship",[109][110] though the rule of Vladimir Putin in Russia has also been described as a dictatorship. Dictators typically retain their power by silencing any opposition to their rulings and guidelines. Poverty alleviation in these 10 dictatorship countries is in some cases associated with human rights abuses, violent crackdowns on the political opposition and indigenous people. ( 1, 2, 3) 5 Paul Kagame, the 60-year-old President of Rwanda, has been in power since 1994 when his rebel army ended the genocide which had killed 800,000 people. Iraq, Israel, Lebanon, and Palestine are the only democratic nations in the region, with Israel being the only nation in this region that affords broad political liberties to its citizens. When necessary, a dictator may also make an effort to replace or amend the nation's constitution to empower, enrich, or otherwise benefit the dictator and his/her allies to a greater degree. Hybrid dictatorships: What it's like to live under a Dictatorship. This list answers the questions, "What countries are dictatorships?" [107] Dictatorships are often recipients of foreign aid on the condition that they make advances toward democratization. Between 1967 and 1991, 12 Latin American countries underwent at least one military coup, with Haiti and Honduras experiencing three and Bolivia experiencing eight. The 2010 version of Polity data series covers 189 countries from 1800 to 2009. Totalitarianism is a form of autocracy in which the state has total control over its citizens. Chad. Factions or divisions among the elites will mitigate their ability to bargain with the dictator, resulting in the dictator having more unrestrained power. Far-left and far-right dictatorships used similar methods to maintain power, including cult of personality, concentration camps, forced labour, mass murder, and genocide. Right now, 74% families are homeowners. [37], Personalist dictators typically favor loyalty over competence in their governments and have a general distrust of intelligentsia. Francois Duvalier (1907 - 1971) The Haitian dictator, also known as Papa Doc, governed the Americas' poorest country from 1957 to he died in 1971. [64][65][66], Dictatorship developed as a major form of government in the 19th century, though the concept was not universally seen pejoratively at the time, with both a tyrannical concept and a quasi-constitutional concept of dictatorship understood to exist. After the recent death of Idriss Deby in April 2021, his son Mahamat Deby took over. Nazi Germany under Adolf Hitler and the Soviet Union under Joseph Stalin were the leading examples of such modern totalitarian . One of its most notable examples was Holodomor, where Joseph Stalin blamed the shortages of grain on "enemies of the state" who hoarded it. [73], Dictatorships in Latin America persisted into the 20th century, and further military coups established new regimes, often in the name of nationalism. The dictatorship of Francisco Franco in Spain , from 1939 to 1975. However, since they might also give up power willingly, the regime is marked with a type II value to signal potential classification errors where a democratic regime may be falsely classified as dictatorship. Through the ages, Algeria, officially People's Democratic Republic of Algeria, is a country in North Africa on the Mediterranean coast. Cuba - Dictatorship 5. Uganda - 1971 to 1979 - Idi Amin Dada. - Quora Answer (1 of 66): I will give the country names as well as who the dictator is. An appropriate example of this occurred in 2020 when Russian president Vladimir Putin and his party introduced amendments to the country's constitution that reworked term limits, enabling Putin to remain in power until 2036. The territory of today's Algeria was the home of many prehistoric cultures, including Aterian and Capsian and the, Angola, officially the Republic of Angola, is a country in Southern Africa. Personalist dictators may be members of the military or leaders of a political party, but neither the military nor the party exercises power independently from the dictator.